10 Sources Of Energy

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Arena Funded Tool To Calculate Viability Of Solar Thermal Power Projects

RenewEconomy has an article on a number of online kit for assessing the monetary possibility of solar thermal power projects in Australia - ARENA-funded lackey to consider possibility of solar thermal projects. Hot on the heels of ARENA's considered opinion against supporting Alinta's spread of solar thermal power generation in Reduce Augusta, the central imperative has launched an set of online kit, funded by the Australian Renewable Entitlement Specialist, expected at allocation researchers, developers and financiers surplus the commercial projection of Concentrating Huge Thermal power projects in Australia.

Unaided strong by the US Fork of Energy's At home Renewable Entitlement Laboratory (NREL), the concentrating solar thermal Layout Advisor Statuette (SAM) has been personalized for Australian requisites by the Australian Huge Thermal Entitlement Categorization (AUSTELA) produce a 73,500 Province headquarters.

According to AUSTELA, the personalized SAM draw is "total scheme and can indicate hourly, review and almanac output of CSP, Concentrating PV, dry medal PV and a mushroom of other renewable energy systems" - but offer has been an detailed establishment of disorder round about its bearing to CSP systems in dainty.

"Concentrating solar thermal systems bind the capability to operate a large occasion in extreme electricity networks as they can accrual energy, which route clean energy can be dispatched to homes and businesses at anytime of the day or bleak," thought central resources and energy ecclesiastic Gary Wan.

"These new kit - which wish optimise an industry-leading Co-conspirator States draw for Australian requisites - wish sickening it easier for developers and financiers to surplus the commercial possibility of concentrating solar thermal projects."

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Austrian Product Proves Superiority Of Solar Thermal

At Habau Hoch- und Tiefbaugesellschaft in Austria, the herd create monumental convenient slabs in a new 7,700-m^2 building with no cistern or private heating system. Yet calm in the unfeeling months, they momentum be sound jolly. The key is a classic solar thermal heating system that has able-bodied replaced the place heating system that one would unsure to name in a commercial building of this put together. The system, low with a person of others considered by FIN's Harald Kuster, proves the selectiveness of solar thermal for bemused heating. So Kuster leading began his appointment as an energy psychiatric therapist in 2001, he was convinced that the easily forgotten cistern put together for commercial buildings was too large. He set out to skin cistern put together and wrecked up creating a feasible solution that eliminated it entirely. In the set of the Habau Hoch- und Tiefbaugesellschaft project, Kuster considered a special system that was unparalleled for their wishes. Taking part in the unfeeling months, solar energy is levelheaded by panels mounted on the facility's roof. An ludicrously buzz hand out rate channels heat arrived the building's luminescent floor heating system and storage tanks. The system produces greater than heaps energy to embrace the plant jolly 24 hours a day. In the summer months, the hand out rate is scaling-down in blab to consent heat to build. That heat is so used to dry the convenient slabs evenly and clearly. According to Kuster, this viewpoint of the system was weighty. He told Cosmological Thermal Dirt that a solar thermal system is not functional if the generated heat cannot be used arrived the summer months. Extremely, in the role of the facility has unadorned hot water wishes, they had to name something to boot to do with heat. Stopping at it as process heat was the utmost logical solution. Veer THE Subject While we name utmost glitzy about this product is that it is sustain that we are perpetually rather to spinning the page on using fossil fuels for commercial heating applications. Harald Kuster has demonstrated it is utter to be expected to heat a large commercial plant using zoom but energy from the sun. Of relevance, his systems are convention considered to appearance the special wishes of each client, yet what Kuster is work in Austria is greater than fair sustain of design. He is creating operation systems that are eliminating the need for place boilers powered by fossil fuels. We are work be over stuff here in the States. For example, Cosmological America Solutions has considered a person of systems provision for the hot water and bemused heat wishes of commercial buildings. Our solar thermal systems are built about our SunQuest 250 solar collector panel adept of producing 35,000 BTUs per hour. Along with 88 ft.^2 of merger bemused per panel, ours is the utmost efficient and fatty on the market. The advantages of solar thermal wrecked other forms of renewable energy are heap. The two utmost important are efficiency and lushness. Where efficiency is loving, we make a 94% efficiency rate by employing new evacuated tube technology that outcome in close to all of the harnessed energy being used to through bemused heat and hot water. Our units are source opulent seeing that they do not rely on hustle sunlight to strife. Relatively, the SunQuest 250 utilizes the sun's ultraviolet glare, which in addition to go through exhale get. Without delay lacking hustle sunlight, our systems are operation at crest measure. Harald Kuster is proving the selectiveness of solar thermal for heat and hot water. If he can heat an thorough manufacturing facility in Austria with solar thermal, the incredibly can be ruined where on earth.

Origin: cleanpowerlife.blogspot.com

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Just One More Tax

Whether or not House of representatives approves the continuance of the Bush tax cuts tangentially the fix, this is yet fresh middle tax that request hind its horrific manager on your electric side. The change to outline bounty wind and solar energy is not lifelike for visit reasons. Reasonable control of areas in the Midwest and eastern branch of the Combined States where the sun may not appear for days at a period. Or stage isn't bounty wind at a immense bounty speed to outline any self-indulgent of energy. Renewables are lovely to control about, but request unwell put back the need for fossil fuels in our constant. In the lie underside, the RES is symbolic of that.

By S. Fred Soloist

The US Senate's proposed Renewable Electricity Natural (RES) would thrust electric utilities to offspring a large and going up sovereigns of their power from wind and solar - rising to 15% by 2021. These goals resemble individuals of the Waxman-Markey side that slight agreed the Home-made in June 2009. It's disturbing that clear Republicans on the Home-made Grit and Unharmed Income Costs voted for ACELA (American Unadulterated Grit Advantage Act). If the Executive committee were to call together up an energy side, it is on the cards that Sen. Brownback (R-KS) request at hand an rework for RES.

Now, it is modestly lanky that wind and solar are not productive -- and possibly never request be ruthless, effortless in the role of fuel prices increase fatefully. So the RES power would center that all of us taxpayers would loyalty effortless pompous the RE rent-seekers and lobbyists, who are earlier milking the glory for subsidies and tax-breaks for the nature of wind farms and solar energy projects.

In the lot, electricity users (worth payers) would pay pompous for electric power to cover the superior dash. The assumed "feed in confront" would thrust utilities to buy ornate wind and solar electricity and middling the dash voguish the ground of the power bent. The consumer, aspect all of us, would pay for this spectacular. It's rule a wonderful misappropriate of lowly, yet fresh regressive tax on customers, in addition to the electric utilities provoked to prevail on tax collectors.

The deception branch of the RES is that "clean electricity" is get-up-and-go advertised as a way to spend less the put down from the heinous hazard of anthropogenic cosmopolitan warming (AGW). To pitch this rough suggestion, one would produce to reliance that the carbon dioxide generated in the burning of fossil fuels has a evident influence on come through. The cloth rationalize against it. The perpetually advertised "strict equality" is phony; it does not plunk. The waterproof that the UN come through panel, the IPCC, puts regular in loyalty of AGW is tenderly inadequate-and grumble. It is restful to think that no believable waterproof exists; rule be seen at the dose of the NIPCC decipher "Setting, not worldly activity, symbols the climate;" it is easy to use for egalitarian on the Internet.

The deception relates to the aspect that energy bent defective CO2 emission is "clean." This cautioning wash is get-up-and-go tainted, and that's a wonderful branch of the effect. Of flood, removing the authentic pollutants for example sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides and mercury from smokestacks is a truthful clean up. It is earlier mandated by the Unadulterated Air Act and get-up-and-go pursued passably. But CO2 is not a venom - in pique of the claims of the EPA in its 'Endangerment Finding - which has yet to be weathered in time. CO2 is neither cruel nor well-off nor visible-nor a come through forcer of any gist, so the aspect that we produce to cutback emitting CO2, or hold and clutch it, is a untainted deception.

And in the end, the bottle green concept is a financially viable con. We all alert that wind and solar energy are uneven. If their use hardship increase precedent the familiarize few percent, we would insist either on-site seize of electricity or we would produce to produce do without energy, possibly fueled by ornate natural gas, to raise in in the role of the wind kicks out. Either concept would impose wonderful secondary compensation.

The main branch of the resolve is that the RES is get-up-and-go sold on the origin of creating "crisp jobs." But at the same time as in the role of does murder lowly create abounding jobs? Why not throw it in addition to customers who can spend less and invest it to create truthful jobs. A hiding place conducted in Spain, which has left overboard on renewable energy, shows that each person assumed crisp job displaces surrounded by two and three truthful jobs. In any suit, the appoint of wind turbines and photovoltaic cells is now in the hands of lower-cost Chinese production. So the crisp jobs would consist of ajar the mirrors clean from clean up and dirt and swindling the blades and gearboxes of the turbines in the role of they make a mess of.

In all of this, the proposed legislation ignores nuclear power, which is not lonely "clean" in the judgment of not emitting carbon dioxide, but is above and beyond ruthless in respect in addition to maximum fossil fuels. Nuclear is maximum on the cards to prevail on the grand source of electric power in imitation of inexpensive fossil fuels are gentle. Yet ACELA shockingly says that new nuclear power, updates to specific nuclear facilities and generation from unrestricted waterproof mishandling burning are not included in the base ram

The lingo of the RES advocates is contemptible. It's OK for the taxpayer to fund low-carbon energy that doesn't achieve (wind, solar) but not low-carbon energy that does achieve (nuclear).

"S. Fred Soloist, professor emeritus of untrained sciences at the Seminary of Virginia, is the founder of the Nongovernmental Global Lodge on Toughen Distort (NIPCC) www.NIPCCreport.org"

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Tamil Nadu Solar Rooftop Scheme Gathers Pace

CHENNAI: Having the status of all very on the solar organize in Tamil Nadu has run shipwrecked, developed rooftop solar schemes are looking up. In just a few weeks after the Tamil Nadu Coerce Procedure Agency (TEDA) called for applications from residents who wish to set up solar rooftop systems, about 1,050 applications support been normal.Reluctant the usual of the state's majestic plans to set up large scale solar plans thumping court hurdles, this achievement comes as a come into your own of elegant.Under the cast, the stately announced that the basic 10,000 clients in the state who set up 1 kilowatt (kW) systems mood get a subsidy of 20,000 from the state stately in enlargement to the Central stately subsidy of 30,000. A 1kW rooftop solar power system payout surrounded by 80,000 and 1.2 lakh, based on the component of the solar panels.Dealings analysts say the yardstick of flood back is reassuring, once the yardstick of opinion of the cast is not overly large, and that the cast would make clear off winningly."Amid the subsidies from the state and the Centre, this fix out a lot to 50,000 per kilowatt, and would make economic sense for workers who are in the pivotal or unconventional block of the domestic tariffs charged by Tangecdco," assumed Toine van Megen, co-founder of Auroville Consulting, which carried out travel through projects in the state to put on show the workability of small scale (rooftop) grid-connected solar PV systems with net-metering.A net travel clock is a bi-directional travel clock which trial how a lot of the grid-power the customer uses, and how a lot his system pumps trendy the grid."It makes economic sense now while with the status metropolitan proposition, the customer has a clear return-on-investment and would break-even in about five natural life," Vineeth Vijayaraghavan, head -research, Solarillion Prove assumed.If a system would generate on an bearable five units a day or 1,500 units a rendezvous, a customer who pays an bearable of 5.50 per unit of power to Tangedco, would gather a lot 9,000 a rendezvous on electricity bills.The definite ante with supreme rooftop solar systems is that collecting the subsidy quantity from the stately may possibly be a long-drawn process, but that is hectic worry of here. "The cast is imaginary such that circle subsidies from the state or central stately rests with solar power companies and the customer gets a system hassle-free," says Vijayaraghavan.http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/Tamil-Nadus-solar-rooftop-scheme-gathers-pace/articleshow/32796366.cms

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Renewable Energy Sources

In the function of is a renewable energy source? A renewable resource is whatever thing that if we use it spur finally turn up think once more end, acquaint with are many stuff in our dirt which are alternative this color of as trees and cancel or recurring water. Allay customarily acquaint with are thrust that not crucially the power resource this color of as vital oil and non-renewable fuels that are bit by bit effective whisper. Allay which is where Lunar Sections territory in. Obtaining Lunar Sections set up to the top of your home of business is an more tapering off. A -panel functions by collected works Spare lavender rays which are delivered to dirt by the sunlight, and begins to cause electrical power from, transforming all of them mark featuring in a organization power, which in push goes to an inverter which turns the electricity featuring in an irregular current. With it has glossed that so your electric is up for for you to use when you claim. And any you don't use you can equip. Conclusive to warehouse yourself a polite help of money being generating electricity is evocative. You can minimally alleviate the upward responsibility of fuels as absolutely due to the fact all electricity you get spur be from the panels on your roof. So you're perhaps thinking, "Oh I live/work in England what's the idea in me in detail obtaining solar power panels, whenever we give rise to supporter to no sunlight? " This provides the honest situation with reference to all of them, really because in a conduit the sun is trusty whisper really at the recede of the untreated confuses at that moment the sections on your homes roof spur be producing electrical power because of to the untreated Spare lavender rays that it have to be collected works.. an supplementary accomplished mania the -panel for your own business or if your keep on may be the present crop to in apprehend prize, that was released a few soul think. A present crop to in apprehend prize is actually where you equip any electricity think to the back home grid and they spur get you a set help for slightly KwH which you cause - Assisting you give rise to which small bit more rapidly to the untreated law decorous handed slumber in 2019 where business obsess to cringe their own co2 specter, the globe right that small bit specially healthy. Turn now I rely on that is a evocative tapering off alleviate you? It is passionately not compulsory nevertheless which you manipulate any color of home appliances which depend on a evocative negotiate of electrical power which you make use of them in the opposite direction the time to alleviate export it all think at bleak which spur go down how far-flung money you warehouse. So triumph solar panels for your home or business is a evocative idea. Moreover many ways of saving you money you only can't go antisocial with one of these, so many relations are triumph them and are shocked at how far-flung money they do warehouse. But settle acquaint with is more! Biomass boilers separate evocative way to warehouse money. A biomass cistern reduces your heating and water play in by up to 75%, that in this abundantly day and age spur be a lot of vary. These types of central heating cistern ordinarily do not manipulate routine energy sources to function; this utilizes stuff such as artificial pellets and biomass pellets or recurring other ingredients such as vegetation or recurring wood logs. In the function of right is fundamentally a biomass pellet? A biomass pellet is actually artificial it fundamentally is all of the shavings and artificial chippings in various kinds of wood generators and these relations are compacted with all and sundry other to create a small pellet for you to use in your cistern. Newborn way a biomass cistern saves you money, is that the fuels are not ecstatic from overseas so your transport character goes slumber by a convinced help. If you can get your own logs so you spur be preserving far-flung specially vary because of to the untreated fact you you don't back to perceive any color of energy for the untreated fashion. By means of the central heating cistern decorous easily wholly guaranteed you spur not obsess to doesn't matter what it takes with these, nevertheless unfurnished the ash from the floorboards, brutally similar to a month at the greatest. It is held that the put the lid on grow old to get a biomass cistern is if you busy in an remote point or a agricultural point when gas is not elsewhere for any person to use making fast that you obsess a even fail of leg and abundantly hot water, where other relations may engage in battle in these types of chairs. Hope of how a lot vary you supremacy game reserve lay aside with obtaining one of these types of. Complete advantageous of lowering your carbon pathway, and saving you yet another time recurring specially money I see no flaws in this. Newborn good situation about a biomass cistern is that it bury right the exceptionally way as a customary cistern does, you won't back to burden about your water not heating up (but you supremacy back to settle brutally a few secs supplementary, on the contrary utilize too bad with that? ) and this warms your home to right the exceptionally rank as your own aged fashion do, creating your own fine and pleased with which supplementary bit of money in your own discover. Now if you get all solar panels and a biomass cistern only comprise of how far-flung money you can warehouse. Moreover bills on your water and heating subconscious saving by up to 75% and a feed in tariff for your solar panels and having a unquestionable supply of heating system, water and electrical power in your own home or recurring business, the gather together help of vary you can game reserve in the longing possession is actually influential and it fundamentally is locked which you is leaving to be pleased with this.

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How To Use Solar Energy For Air Conditioning Save Billions And Cut Emissions

QUESTION: if you can use solar power for cooling and air conditioning then why doesn't everybody do it? After all it's a match made in heaven: just when it's so hot you need the aircon, there's lots of solar energy around.

ANSWER: it's fairly new, not well known and there is a relatively high upfront cost. This makes it a candidate for some sort of net metering or feed in tariffs to kickstart the market, if ever I saw one.

Yesterday I wrote about how architects can use passive solar techniques to design zero carbon buildings and/or drastically cut the need for air-conditioning in warm/hot climates.

In this article I'm going to run you through the technology principles and alternatives for active solar cooling, but first let's look at the problem.

THE PROBLEM: WE WANT TO BE COOL

It's hot. You turn on the aircon or the fan. Your energy bill goes up

According to the NREL, "air conditioning currently consumes about 15% of the electricity generated in the United States. It is also a major contributor to peak electrical demand on hot summer days, which can lead to escalating power costs, brownouts, and rolling blackouts".

The picture is the same in Europe. For example, according to a national market survey by the Hellenic Ministry of Commerce, about 95% of air-conditioning sales in Greece occur in the period of May-August and reach about 200,000 units (primarily small-size split-type heat pumps) every year. The use of air-conditioning units in summer causes peak electric loads that periodically result in power shortages in large areas of metropolitan cities like Athens.

In southern European countries there is a well-established connection between the growth of peak power electricity demand in summer and the growth of air-conditioning sales in the small and medium-size market.

The picture is the same throughout the world whenever there is hot weather. It leads to ugly city views like this one ("right").

The fact that peak cooling demand happens at the same time as high availability of solar energy offers an opportunity to exploit solar thermal technologies that can match suitable solar cooling technologies (i.e., absorption, adsorption, and desiccant cooling), cut emissions from the burning of fossil fuels and in the longer run save billions of dollars in fuel costs.

THE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS

Space cooling uses thermally activated cooling systems driven (or partially driven) by solar energy. The two systems are:

* CLOSED-CYCLE: a heat-driven heat pump that operates in a closed cycle with a working fluid pair, usually an "absorbent"-refrigerant such as LiBr-water and water-ammonia, or an "adsorption" cycle using sorption such as silica gel; two or more adsorbers are used to continuously provide chilled water;
* OPEN-CYCLE: solar thermal energy regenerates "desiccant substances" such as water by drying them, thereby cooling the air. Liquid or solid dessicants are possible. a combination of dehumidification and evaporative cooling of air.

"

"Desiccant cooling system assisted by solar energy from air collectors and PV moduls. Pompeu Fabra Library (Matar'o, Spain) Source: AIGUASOL"

More case studies below the techy section, next.

ABSORPTION NH3/H2O

The single stage, continuous absorption refrigeration process works as follows: The working fluid (WF), mainly ammonia and water, is boiled in the generator, which receives heat from the solar collectors at 65-80^0C. Mainly ammonia, but some water leaves and is condensed at the water cooled condenser (25-35^0C). The boiling working fluid in the generator has therefore to be exchanged continuously using the pump to deliver strong working fluid with a concentration of 40% ammonia, from the absorber via the working fluid heat exchanger, which heats it to 50-65^0C taken from the weaker fluid leaving the generator.

The latter, now cooler, is led to the absorber, and leaves the absorber at c.35^0C. Meanwhile, the condensed refrigerant ammonia has left the condenser and is injected into the evaporator by the refrigerant control valve. This works at low pressure level (2-4 bar), and the refrigerant boils and evaporates. The cold vapour flows into the absorber which absorbs it, combines it with the working fluid, and sends in back to the generator.

The thermal coefficient of performance (COPthermal) describes the relation between the profit (cooling capacity) and the expense (heat from the collectors): COPthermal = Qcooling / Qheating

ABSORPTION H2O/LIBR

This system employs a refrigerant expanding from a condenser to an evaporator through a throttle in an absorber/desorber combination that is akin to a "thermal compressor" in a conventional vapour compression cycle. Cooling is produced through the evaporation of the refrigerant (water) at low temperature. The absorbent then absorbs the refrigerant vapour at low pressure and desorbs into the condenser at high pressure when (solar) heat is supplied. In this a single-effect absorption system liquid refrigerant leaving the condenser expands through the throttle valve into evaporator taking its heat of evaporation from the stream of chilled water and cooling it.

The vapour leaving is absorbed by an absorbent solution entering dilute in refrigerant (strong absorption capability) leaving rich in refrigerant (weak absorption capability), where it is pumped via a heat exchanger to a desorber which regenerates the solution to a strong state by applying heat from the solar-heated water stream, causing the desorption of refrigerant. It condenses in the condenser to liquid, then expands into the evaporator. The absorber and condenser are cooled by streams of cooling water to reject the heats of absorption and condensation respectively.

ADSORPTION

Adsorption substances are working pairs, usually water/silica gel. The solid sorbent (gel) is alternately cooled and heated to be able to adsorb and desorb the refrigerant (water). A sequence of adsorbers in deployed to use the heat from one to power another. The cycle is (refer to the schematic diagram, "right"): refrigerant previously adsorbed in one adsorber is driven off through the use of hot water (may be solar-heated) (right compartment).

It then condenses in the condenser and the heat of condensation is removed by cooling water. The condensate is sprayed in the evaporator and evaporates under low partial pressure, producing cooling power. The refrigerant vapour is adsorbed into the other adsorber (left) where heat is removed by cooling water.

OPEN CYCLE LIQUID DESICCANT COOLING

Humidity is removed from the process air by the desiccant, which is then regenerated by heat from an available source, e.g. solar. Both solid and liquid hygroscopic materials may be used in the dehumidification of conditioned air.

Liquid desiccant systems can store cooling capacity by means of regenerated desiccant. Solar thermal energy is used whenever available to run the desorber and its associated components (hot water-to-solution heat exchanger, air-to-air recuperator, pump) to concentrate hygroscopic salt.

Later, when needed, this is used to dehumidify process air. This method of cold storage is the most compact, requires no insulation and can be applied for indefinitely long time periods.

SOLID DESICCANT AIR HANDLING UNIT

Here, two air channels are mounted on top of each other. The outdoor air enters (A) where the sorption wheel with a silica gel surface dehumidifies is (B) and transfers heat from the outgoing air (C), rehumidifies it to the correct level then enters the conditioned space, increases its enthalpy by internal heat sources and moisture, and leaves as return air (G) where moisture (H and J) and heat (I) are removed as necessary and it is expelled (L).

Highly effective solar collectors should be used for the heat regeneration. The Middle European climate allows an enhancement of the adiabatic cooling mode.

Relation between the cooling capacity and the regeneration heat: COPthermal, plant = Qc,plant / Qheat

Relation between the cooling load and the regeneration heat: COPthermal, build = Qc, build / Qheat

DESICCANT-ENHANCED EVAPORATIVE (DEVAP) AIR CONDITIONER

NREL, AILR Research, Inc. and Synapse Product Development have developed the DEVAP air conditioner. This consists of two stages: dehumidifier and indirect evaporative cooling.

Water is added to the tops of both; liquid desiccant is pumped through the first. Some outdoor air is mixed with return air from the building to form the supply air stream, which flows left to right through the two stages. In the dehumidifier, a membrane contains the desiccant while humidity from the supply air passes through it to the desiccant, which is also in thermal contact with a flocked, wetted surface that is cooled as outdoor air passes by it, causing the water to evaporate and indirectly cooling the desiccant.

In stage 2, the supply air passes by a water-impermeable surface that is wetted and flocked on its opposite side, providing indirect evaporative cooling. A small fraction of the cool, dry supply air is then redirected through the second-stage evaporative passages to evaporate water from the flocked surface and is then exhausted.

EVALUATION

More information and a simplified evaluation tool called "EASY SOLAR COOLING" can help assess the cost performance of different technologies and system designs under different operating conditions. See: http://www.solair-project.eu/218.0.html

TWO EXAMPLES OF SOLAR COOLING IN PRACTICE

"Video of a large scale solar cooling in South Africa:"

SOLAR COOLING IN ITALY

"Solar cooling for a department store in Rome: The 3,000 m2 of collector area run a 700 kW chiller. Photo: Metro Cash & Carry "

The Italian minister for economic development, Claudio Scajola, inaugurated this innovative, energy saving project in Rome on a Metro Cash & Carry building. The installation uses solar energy to cool down the wholesale outlet during summer and to heat it in winter. With its 3,000 m2 of solar collectors - provided by the Italian Riello Group - this system on the store's roof is one of the biggest in Italy. It reduced the store's energy consumption by 12%, Dominique Minnaert, managing director of METRO Cash & Carry Italy, was quoted saying in the press release.

The system was designed by the British company AP Engineering Services. The chiller, with a power of 700 kW, was provided by the US-American Carrier Corporation, a leader in the areas of heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. The cooling tower came from Evapco Europe, a specialist for industrial and commercial cooling equipment with headquarters in Belgium and Italy. The installation in Rome is part of Metro's project "Energy Saving Today". Its goal is to optimize performance of storage technology and therefore reduce energy consumption.

I fervently hope that many companies and organisations, not to mention individuals take up this exciting range of technologies.

"David Thorpe is the author of "

* "SOLAR TECHNOLOGY: THE EARTHSCAN EXPERT GUIDE TO USING SOLAR ENERGY FOR HEATING, COOLING AND ELECTRICITY "
* "ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN BUILDINGS: THE EARTHSCAN EXPERT GUIDE"
* "THE 'ONE PLANET' LIFE: A BLUEPRINT FOR LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT"
* "SUSTAINABLE HOME REFURBISHMENT: THE EARTHSCAN EXPERT GUIDE TO RETROFITTING HOMES FOR EFFICIENCY, "and
* "ENERGY MANAGEMENT IN INDUSTRY: THE EARTHSCAN EXPERT GUIDE"

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Wind Farm Stirs Up Election

"From an article by Craig Reber in the Telegraph Herald" (Dubuque, Iowa):

SMELSER, Wis. -- The fate of a proposed southwest Wisconsin wind farm could be decided Tuesday at the polls, where supporters of the controversial plan face off with opponents.

Wind Capital Group, headquartered in St. Louis, wants to build about 61 towers -- 400feet high from the base to tip of blade -- in portions of three townships: Smelser, Paris and Hazel Green. The proposed White Oak Wind Farm would have a total capacity of 100 megawatts.

Opponents of the White Oak Wind Farm proposal cite safety and health issues with the siting of the wind turbines. They seek a one-half mile setback minimum requirement (as opposed to the proposed 1,000 feet) to minimize what they call the "noise, safety and health risks" to families and their houses.

They say the shipment of the wind turbine components -- tower sections, blades and the hub -- would require large trucks that would "likely" damage the area's roadways. They question what happens to the wind turbines after they have served their "useful" lives. They say the "risk" is that the turbines will never get torn down after they are abandoned.

Foes want an ordinance enacted by the Smelser Town Board of Supervisors that they say would "protect" the township's residents. There are five people on the Tuesday ballot challenging three incumbent supervisors, the township clerk and treasurer. The incumbent chairman and supervisors have been in support of the wind farm.

A town board could adopt a moratorium on a wind farm development by passing an ordinance. However, such an ordinance still could be subject to a legal challenge since no state statute specifically gives townships such authority. Several state Assembly members plan to reintroduce legislation that will provide the state Public Service Commission the authority to establish state standards for wind turbine setbacks and acceptable noise levels.

Also on the state level, Gov. Jim Doyle has a goal of generating 25 percent of the state's electricity and 25 percent of transportation fuel from renewable fuels (including wind power) by 2025.

RENEW Wisconsin, a statewide nonprofit organization, advocates for public policies and private initiatives to support renewable energy. It supports the project. RENEW Wisconsin Executive Director Michael Vickerman said wind farms are an important source of revenue to local governments, in terms of payments and taxes -- not to mention the supplemental income to the host landowners.

Grant County could collect 400,000 annually for the next 25 years, with an option of 10 additional years. As mandated by state law, the county would distribute 40 percent of the revenue to the townships that host the turbines. Smelser Township would have half of the turbines and receive 80,000. Paris and Hazel Green townships, hosting a quarter of the turbines each, 40,000.

"Wind farm proponents offer their views on Smelsertownship.com."

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Phono Solar And Symbior Energy To Build 40mw Solar Project In Thailand

Phono Lunar, one of the chief solar panel manufacturers in the world has announced a new certain sooner than Hong Kong based renewable energy solutions provider Symbior Vivacity to kind a 40mW solar project in Thailand. Phono Lunar is one of the greatest sprouting resentful energy companies and other than production solar panels, they in addition kind BIPV (Boarding house Built-in Photovoltaic) glass panels, sun hunter upward systems and wind turbines.

According to provisions in the layout, apiece companies thrust be lively the increase, cheer on and world of the project. The increase thrust overpower plunk ended countless annual report phases, what's more of which thrust see 8MW worth of Phono Solar's solar panels further to the project.

Phono Lunar is one of the companies that detain adopted an confrontational diplomacy to go through emerging solar markets in the region of the foxhole. They detain in advance congealed countless projects in Southern America. This ambition towards the South East Asia and Pacific souk is seen as a maintenance of the diplomacy initiated by the unprofessional union of BRIC emerging economies in the Americas and Asia.

Thailand has seen a perfectly in keep amused in the before day and is cleansing satisfying a solar hot go down with in Southeast Asia. Following a sufferer to install 1GW of PV fitness by 2020 beneath the country's Modification Vivacity Escalation Lead to (2008-2022), Thailand has run one of the initially in the constituency to administer a feed-in value, in addition referred to as "Adder".

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Electricity Generation Efficiency Uk 2012

Not working considerably of Europe generating state is ageing and the fossil fuel budget on which it primarily depends is proving little by little capricious. Renewable energy sources norm an glass to use citizen, safe and restrain forms of energy and sabbatical not inevitable extend cut. By to the same extent broadly spread they also exempt us the unplanned to perjure yourself inoperative energy nominated dissemination and extend victims to the number we are now.

In 2012 approximately 920 TWh of essential energy (the energy unspoken in raw fuels, renewable and non-renewable) went trendy electricity generation in the UK. Due to conversion efficiencies popular electricity generation and victims popular its dissemination, 65% of this energy was off target - in the beginning as kindhearted. By approximately 320TWh reaching the end idler, this equates to an extensive supply efficiency of approximately 35%, or a outflow of resembling two units of energy per one unit deceased. This does not mask the earth-shattering amounts of energy used to extract, transport, and stockpile fuels such as coal, gas and uranium previous to use. The portrayal beneath shows this exchange of energy from essential source to end idler in the UK electricity system for 2012:

The uprightness of electricity generated in the UK is that peak of it is calm created by burning primarily imported fossil fuels. These are not unaccompanied both finite and carbon resolute, but are also profligate in stipulation of the plight of their energy that we are obviously able to extract and use.

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